Taking a Gender-Based Plus (GBA+) approach, this case study discusses how Libya has become home to extremist narratives justified by conservative interpretations of Islam that position women as weak, belonging in the domestic sphere, and in need of protection. The case analyzes how militant groups have deployed these gendered narratives to systematically curtail women’s legal rights and exclude women from reforming Libya’s post-war political institutions and promoting a more inclusive, equitable and gender just state.